Intelligent Adaptive Control Design of Power System Stabilizers for Frequency and Voltage Stability Improvement in Large-Scale Power Systems

Abstract

Power system stabilizers (PSSs) play a crucial role in enhancing the damping of low-frequency electromechanical oscillations in interconnected power systems. However, the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources, growing system complexity, and frequent operating point variations significantly degrade the performance of conventional fixed-parameter PSS designs. This paper proposes an Intelligent Adaptive Power System Stabilizer (IA-PSS) that integrates a standard IEEE-compatible stabilizer structure with an adaptive control mechanism and a supervisory intelligence layer. The adaptive controller dynamically tunes stabilizer parameters in real time based on system response, while the supervisory layer ensures robustness, boundedness, and coordination with excitation system constraints. The proposed IA-PSS aims to improve frequency stability, voltage recovery, and oscillation damping under a wide range of disturbances and operating conditions. Extensive simulations on a multi-machine benchmark power system demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly outperforms conventional PSS designs in terms of damping ratios, frequency nadir, settling time, and voltage recovery. The results confirm that the IA-PSS provides a practical, scalable, and industry-compatible solution for enhancing stability in modern large-scale power systems.