Rapid Urbanization and Its Environmental and Social Impacts in the Green Mountain Region, Libya: A Descriptive Urban-Geographical Study

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the phenomenon of rapid urbanization and its environmental and social impacts in the Green Mountain (Jabal al-Akhdar) region of Libya from an urban geography perspective. It sought to review the current state of urbanization in the region, analyze its key repercussions on the environment and society, and highlight the role of urban planning in mitigating negative effects and achieving sustainable urban development. The study employed a descriptive-analytical approach alongside a documentary research method—reviewing books, peer-reviewed scientific studies, academic theses, and relevant reports—to provide a comprehensive scientific overview of rapid urbanization in the region.

The study revealed that rapid urbanization in the Green Mountain region stemmed from the interplay of several factors—most notably population growth, internal migration, and the concentration of economic and service activities in major cities—leading to expanding urban footprints and shifts in land use. The study also showed that this urbanization impacted the environment through the loss of agricultural land and vegetation cover, increased pressure on natural resources, and rising levels of waste and pollution; meanwhile, its primary social consequences included heightened strain on public services, increased demand for housing and infrastructure, and changing lifestyles within urban centers. The study affirmed that sustainable urban planning is a fundamental tool for managing urban growth, protecting natural resources, improving service efficiency, and mitigating the negative impacts associated with urbanization. It recommended updating urban plans, enforcing land-use regulations, and strengthening urban management to achieve balanced and sustainable urban development in the Green Mountain region.